Pemanfaatan Limbah Eceng Gondok Sebagai Energi Biogas Dengan Menggunakan Digester
Utilization of Hyacinth Waste As Biogas Energy Using Digester
-
(1) Herman Nawir
Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
Indonesia
(2) Muhammad Ruswandi Djalal
Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
Indonesia
(3) * Apollo Apollo
Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Biogas is an alternative energy in the form of gas formed from the process of fermentation of organic materials. One of the most abundant organic materials is water hyacinth. This research aims to design the tool that will be used to process water hyacinth so that it can produce biogas energy. The main components of the equipment made consist of digester, water trap, gas container, and gas stove, each made 3 appliances. The experiment was conducted using 3 pieces of digester where each digester was filled with 10kg of water hyacinth and different starter. Digester A uses a 0.5 liter EM4 starter mixed with 4.5 liters of water. Digester B using starter 5 kg of cow dung mixed with water 3 liters. And digester C using starter 5 kg of cow dung mixed with 0.5 liters EM4 and 4, 5 liters of water. Then see the development of biogas during the fermentation process (35 days). From the results of this study can be obtained biogas pressure, temperature, acidity (pH) and the duration of the flame generated by the means of producing biogas using this digester and can be applied to the stove. The pressure change produced by digester C is greater than the pressure generated from digesters A and B. The temperature changes produced in digester C are greater than the temperature produced by digesters A and B. The initial pH value of mixing for digester A is pH 6.3, digester B with pH 7.5 and digester C with pH 5.5. The pH value after biogas was produced for digester A with pH 7.5, digester B with pH 7.5 and digester C with pH 7.6. This corresponds to a good pH for the growth of biogas-forming microbes, ranging from 6.4 to 7.8. The fire generated on the blue flame test, with the total length of the flame for each digester is 54 minutes 46 seconds.
References
F. Riyanti, "Pembuatan Instalasi Untuk Biogas dari Enceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) yang Efisien Untuk Lahan Kecil," Jurnal Pengabdian Sriwijaya, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37061/jps.v3i1.2144
Arnold, "Produksi Biogas dari Eceng Gondok (Eicchornia Crassipes)," Teknologi Kimia dan Industri, vol. 2, 2013.
Cristian and Y. Timang, "Rancang Bangun Alat Pembangkit Biogas Model Portabel," Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang.2012.
Dewi, "Pembuatan Gas Bio Dari Serbuk Gergaji, Kotoran Sapi, dan Larutan EM-4 (EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISME-4)," Teknik Kimia, (Online), vol. 2, 2014.
Megawati and W. Kendali, "Pengaruh Penambahan EM-4 (EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISME-4) (Effective Microorganisme-4) pada Pembuatan Biogas dari Eceng Gondok dan Rumen Sapi," Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan, (Online), vol. 3, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v3i2.3696
M. Mulyati, "Desain Alat Biogas dari Kotoran Sapi Skala Rumah Tangga," Jurnal Teknik Industri, (Online), vol. IX, 2009.
F. Cotana, A. Petrozzi, G. Cavalaglio, V. Coccia, A. L. Pisello, and E. Bonamente, "A batch digester plant for biogas production and energy enhancement of organic residues from collective activities," Energy Procedia, vol. 61, pp. 1669-1672, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.188
T. Sreekrishnan, S. Kohli, and V. Rana, "Enhancement of biogas production from solid substrates using different techniques––a review," Bioresource technology, vol. 95, pp. 1-10, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2004.02.010
H. A. Qdais, K. B. Hani, and N. Shatnawi, "Modeling and optimization of biogas production from a waste digester using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm," Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 54, pp. 359-363, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2009.08.012
P. S. Ganesh, E. Ramasamy, S. Gajalakshmi, and S. Abbasi, "Extraction of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from water hyacinth using inexpensive contraptions, and the use of the VFAs as feed supplement in conventional biogas digesters with concomitant final disposal of water hyacinth as vermicompost," Biochemical Engineering Journal, vol. 27, pp. 17-23, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2005.06.010
R. Zhang and Z. Zhang, "Biogasification of rice straw with an anaerobic-phased solids digester system," Bioresource technology, vol. 68, pp. 235-245, 1999. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(98)00154-0
F. Liu, S. Wang, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, X. Yan, H. Zhou, et al., "The structure of the bacterial and archaeal community in a biogas digester as revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis," Journal of Applied Microbiology, vol. 106, pp. 952-966, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04064.x
L. Yu, K. Yaoqiu, H. Ningsheng, W. Zhifeng, and X. Lianzhong, "Popularizing household-scale biogas digesters for rural sustainable energy development and greenhouse gas mitigation," Renewable Energy, vol. 33, pp. 2027-2035, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2007.12.004
W. Xiaohua, D. Chonglan, H. Xiaoyan, W. Weiming, J. Xiaoping, and J. Shangyun, "The influence of using biogas digesters on family energy consumption and its economic benefit in rural areas—comparative study between Lianshui and Guichi in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 11, pp. 1018-1024, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.08.001
W. Xiaohua and L. Jingfei, "Influence of using household biogas digesters on household energy consumption in rural areas—a case study in Lianshui County in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 9, pp. 229-236, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2004.04.004
B. Limmeechokchai and S. Chawana, "Sustainable energy development strategies in the rural Thailand: The case of the improved cooking stove and the small biogas digester," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 11, pp. 818-837, 2007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2005.06.002
Renilaili, " Eceng Gondok sebagai Biogas yang Ramah Lingkungan," Teknologi Kimia dan Industri, vol. 12, 2015.
Sintani, "Biogas yang Dihasilkan dari Dekomposisi Eceng Gondok (Eichornia Crassipes) dengan Penambahan Kotoran Sapi sebagai Stater," Teknik Lingkungan Henas, vol. 2, 2014.
Hardoyo, Panduan Praktis Membuat Biogas Portabel Skala Rumah Tangga dan Industri. Bandar. Bandar Lampung, 2014.
S. Wahyuni, Panduan Praktis Biogas. Bogor: Penebar Swadaya, 2013.
Copyright (c) 2018 Herman Nawir, Muhammad Ruswandi Djalal, Apollo Apollo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
